Method and apparatus for drawing metal



L.' H. BRINKMAN.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FORDRAWING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY25. |918.

1,360,088, y Patented Nov. 23, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

wb/W@ an ATTORNE;

L. H. RiAmA/IATT.l

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRAWING METAL.

APPLlcArloN FILED MAY25,191B.

1,360,088. 2 PanfeaN0v.23,192o.

for Drawing Metal, of whichfthe. following uNiTEDs'rATesPArr-.Nr ori-*ice Louis H. ERINKMAN. or GLEN RIDGE, New JERSEY, AssIGNoR 'ro BALL noLLEn 'rUBEconPoaATIom A ooaPonA'rIoN 0E NEW Yoan.

To all 'w Ito-m t may concern Be it known. that I, LoUisH. BRiNKMAn,

a citizen `of the United States,` residing at,l Glen Ridge.- Essex county, and State of New Jersey, have invented new` and usefulY Improvements in Methods and Apparatus is a specification;

This invention relates to apparatus and: methods for drawing metal; y y

Where hot metal vis drawn through a die, particularly where thin tubes are drawn, if the metal remains too hot after it has gone through the die,'the pull of the draw head is apt tostretch or distortthe metal or even to part it.` v

Itis one object of the present invention to provide means for cooling the nietal after it has passed through the die so that the disadvantages referred to are avoided.

A further object of theinvention is to provvide a method for drawing metal to avoid the above mentioned disadvantages.

A further object of the invention is to provide a 'structure of mandrel whereby inrprovedcooling conditions are obtained.`

Other and ancillary objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

. In the accompanying drawings which illustrate lthe inventioni l Figure 1 is a side elevation of apparatus embodying the invention;

Fig.` 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vieu' onan enlarged scale showing the die and mandrel, some of the parts being brokenaway, in vertical axial section;

F ig. 51s anend elevation looking from the Fig. f1 is a side elevation showing the head end' of the mandrel, certain of the parts be- 'ing broken away; 4

' g 4right of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a 'section on the line 6-16 of eferringv to the drawings and first more particularly toFigs. 1 and 2, 1 is a draw bench on one; end of which ismounted a rotary electric motor 2 on the frame of which the ball'die mechanism 3 .is journaled as hereinafter referred to. To" the left of this mechanism I provide a furnace, such as a gas furnace .l1 'mounted `on llegs 5 and having a series of gas pipes 6.. This furnace is hollow so as to permit theinsertion ot a mandrel 7 METHonA'Nn APPARATUS 'Fon DRAWING METAL. l

v. Specification of tetterslatent. l lPa,t; 1,ni;d Nov' 23, 1920. i l Application.led'hayf, 1918;v Sveral No.`238,477. i

i therethrough when tubes are being drawn and so as to receive the tube 8 to be heated and drawn. Movable along a track way on the" draw 'bench at the' rear o'f the motor is a draw head 10 anda following block 11. The following block is provided with a pair of tongs 12 haviing gripping jaws 13 adapted `to grip on to a plug or other suitable means .14 secured inv therend of the tube 8 to'be drawn, l while the other extremity of the tongs is provided'with toggle links 15 and a hook '15 connecting the tongs-to the draw head l0, which is in" turn provided with the pivotallhook 16 having a handle 17 by means of which it is lifted into and out of engagement with anendless chain 18 passing over sprocket wheels 19 and 2O mounted at the ends of the drawbench. The chain may be driven by means of a suitable rotary electric motor Q1 geared to the sprocket. wheel 2O by gear wheels 22.

The mandrel is supported at one end in the head of a pillow block 23. The mandrel throughout the greater portion of its length is preferably of considerably/less diameter than the tube to be drawn.I and extends through the furnace 4 to the ball die mechanisni proper and is provided with an enlarged head or plug A lying within the Referring to Fig. 3 ofthe drawing, a hollow spindle 29 is journaled in the end heads 'of the frame of the ni'otor 2 and is secured to the rotary member of the motor 2 so as to be turned thereby. A rotatingsupporting frame or die block 33 is threaded and keyed onto the extremity of the spindle and is provided with an opening in which suitable die ball supporting parts such as relatively adjustable die cheek plates 34 and 35 are secured, the cheek plate 35 being preferably threaded into the die block 33, the cheek plate 34 being keyed to the said die block so as to slide in and out therein. The adjacent surfaces of the two cheek plates form a race way for the die balls 3S and the balls are retained in this race way by means of a retaining ring 39. The cheek plates are se cured to the die block 33 and so rotated therewith, but the cheek plate 34 is so keyed ameter. of the die which is accomplished by the motor frame. 'which is 1n the form of a cap has lan end portion .4,4 and is provided with an opening 45 in alinement with the hollow spindle 29. rlhe end'poition 44 of the 'adjusting device is intended to thrust inwardly aga/inst the cheek plate 3i and in order to avoid friction between this port-ion and theadjacent cheek plate in adjusting the die while the machine is in operation fand to taire up any thrust from the die balls. ball bearings 46 are provided. ,f Also ball'bearings 47 are provided between the innerend of the die block 33 l and the frame 43 vfor taking up the thrust 25 of the die-balls, which will be exerted through the die block and the bearings against the frame of the motor.

The adjusting device for varying the diameter of the die may be operated by inserting a suitable tool in the circumferential recesses 49. The cap comprising the end portion 44 being thus rotated, it will. by reason of itsr screw threadedv engagement with the frame 43, be shifted longitudinally. Turning the cap in one direction will unscrew it so that it will move t'o the left as viewed inA Fig. 3, and the corresponding longitudinal shifting of the ring 34 will permit the balls to move outwardly and the diameter of the die to be enlarged. Con- .verselya` reverse longitudinal shifting ofv the cap and ring 34 by rotating it in the opposite direction, will force the balls -inwardly and reduce the diameter of the die.

The die cheek plates 34; and 35, which form t'he'race way between them for the die balls, are so arranged to providevan annular passage 60 leading therefrom and communicating with a series of openings or passages 61 leading to the inner surface of the rotaryspindle 29. The outer end of the cheek plate 34 is provided with an annular flange 62 projecting .radially inward so that'the opening through this cheek plate is of less diameter than the inner diameter of the hollow spindle 29. The vwater is introduced just Within this flange by means of a pipe 63 and by reason of the centrifugal force is caused to flow from the point of delivery into the race way, across'the race way and through the passages (il) and Gl into the hollow spindle and along the inner surface 'of the same to a hoodG from which it may bev drained ol". rl`he water thus controlled by centrifugal action, cools the die parts,

washes away the scale and at thesame time is prevented from coming in contact with the hot metal being drawn. y

The apparatus thus far described is similar tothat of my Patent No. 1,203,306, issued October 31st, 1916.

Where hot tubes are to be drawn with the apparatus, the mandrel T is provided in the form of a hollow tube having the enlarged head 24 hollow and through the hollow lmandrel is passed a small tube 5T extending from the tail end of the mandrel and through the same to the enlarged head.

lThis tube is connected up with a suitable source of cooling fluid from which water will be supplied to the interior of the head 24., the end of the tube 57 being screwed into it as shown. The. water may pass through holes T0 in the tube 5T to the interior of the mandrel and out through the tail end of the mandrel thus cooling it so it will not become over heated where it passes through the furnace. AUso by reason of the connnunication otl the tube 5.7 with the interior of the head 24, this head will become filled with water which will be ejected through the passages 7l, opening at the end of the head, against the plate 72 which is spaced from the end of the. mandrel by a shoulder T3 and held in position by a. pin 74 extending through the projection 'T5 from the end of the mandrel head upon which the annular plate T2 is mounted. The jets of water from the passages -i'l-striking against the plate T2 are directed outwardly against the interior of the tube 8 being drawn. The mandrel is so placed that this water will strike a section of the tube at a point shortly after it has passed under the die balls, cooling the same. rlhis improves the tensile strength of the tube at the. point wherein tensile strength is most required, namely, between the draw head an'd the die or pass. This is of especial importance in drawing thin tubes, where if the tube is hot, the pull necessary to draw the tube through the die may unduly stretch the tube or even part it.

It is also important in the drawing of brass that the cooling fluid be applied upon the inside of the tube for, if applied on the outside, the tube will crack.

While the invention of apparatus has been illustrated in what is considered its best cmbodiment, and details of a method have been recited, it is to be understood that both the apparatus and method may be varied without departing from its Ispirit, and therefore the invention of apparatus is not limited to the structure shown in the drawings, nor is the method limited to the precise details recited. the invention being pointed out in the appended claims as required by the patent statutes.

ll'hat I claim isl. ln metal drawing apparatus l'or drawing tubes, the combination with a support including rotary means, for a series of balls adapted to act upon the work, means for rotating said rotary means, balls engaged by said support and means for chilling the work to increase its tensile strength just after it has passed from under said balls, the axis of the die along which the work is drawn being horizontal.

2. In metal drawing apparatus for drawing tubes, the combination with a support including rotary means, for a series of balls adapted to act upon the work, means for rotating said rotary means, balls engaged by said sup ort and means for applying a cooling flui in a jet or spray to the work just after it -has passed from under the y balls.

In metal drawing apparatus for drawing tubes, the combination with a support including rotary means, Jfor a series of balls adapted to lact upon the work, means for rotating said rotary means, balls engaged by said support and means for applying a cooling fluid to the inside of the tube in a jet or spray just after it has passed from under the balls. a. In metal drawing apparatus for drawing tubes, the combination with a support including rotary means, for a seriesot1 balls adapted to act upon the work, means for rotating said rotary means, balls engaged by said support, a mandrel extending within the tube beneath th'e balls, and means for supplying a coolingr fluid to said mandrel, said mandrel having openings through which said fluid is ejected upon the circumferential walls of the tube being drawn.

In metal drawing apparatus for draws ing tubes, the combination with a support including rotary means, for a series of balls ladapted to act upon the work, means for rotating said rotary means, balls engaged by said support, a mandrel extending within the tube beneath the balls, and means for supplying a cooling fluid to said mandrel,

said mandrel having openings through which said fluid is ejected upon the tu e being drawn, and means for breaking up the ejected water into a spray which is applied to the tube.

6. In metal drawing apparatus for drawing tubes, the combination with a support including rotary means, for a series of balls adapted to act upon the workpmeans for rotatin said rotary means, balls engaged by sai support, a hollow mandrel extending within the tube beneath the balls, a tube entering through said mandrel and communicating with the portion thereof beneath the balls for supplying fiuid thereto, said tube having openings for permitting a portion of the cooling fluid to flow outwardly into the mandrel and said mandrel havin openings through which said fluid is ejected upon thetube being drawn.

7. The method of reducing tubes which consists in drawing the tube through an anV nular series of balls, the balls being meanwhile rotated circumferentially about the tube and increasing the tensile strength of the tube between the balls and draw head by chilling the tube.

8. The method of reducing tubes which consists in drawing the tube through an annular series of balls, the balls being meanwhile rotated circumferentially about the tube and increasing the tensile strength of the tube between the ballsi` and draw head` by applying a cooling fluid thereto.

9. The method of reducing tubes which consists in drawing the tube through an annular series ot balls, the balls being meanwhile rotated circumferentially about the tube and increasing the tensile strength of the tube between the balls and draw head by applying a cooling fluid to the interior thereof. i

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification this 23rd `day of May, 1918.

LOUIS H. BRINKMAN. 

